The invention relates to a steel structure-based shake-proof system. The steel structure-based shake-proof system includes an upper beam, a lower beam, a left beam and a right beam; the upper ends and the lower ends of the left beam and the right beam are respectively provided with a connection protrusion; each connection protrusion is provided with a spherical universal joint through an installing component; the upper beam, the lower beam, the left beam and the right beam are connected with one another through the connection protrusions and the universal joints so as to from a cavity; each universal joint is wrapped with a spherical soft rubber sleeve; each connection protrusion is wrapped with a cylindrical soft rubber sleeve; the spherical soft rubber sleeve is communicated with the cylindrical soft rubber sleeve; the spherical soft rubber sleeve and the cylindrical soft rubber sleeve are integrally molded; a sliding shaft is arranged in the cavity; the upper side, lower side, left side and right side of the sliding shaft are respectively provided with a shock absorption assembly; and the shock absorption assembly comprises a connecting block, a fixed block and a sliding block. According to the steel structure-based shake-proof system of the invention, the sliding blocks, shock absorption springs, the spherical universal joints and the soft rubber sleeves are matched with each other, and parameters such as bearing capacity, effective displacement, stiffness and damping are designed, and therefore, effects of a transverse strong wind load and a longitudinal vibration load, which exert on a transverse beam, can be effectively decreased, and therefore, excellent shock absorption effects can be realized, and the safety of the use of the transverse beam can be ensured.