The invention provides a layout method of coal seam gas extraction engineering, which comprises layout steps of ground surface extraction engineering, layout steps of downhole coal seam roof extraction engineering and downhole coal seam floor extraction engineering, wherein the layout steps of the ground surface extraction engineering include observation and analysis of ground surface movement parameters, calculation of a ground surface movement scope of a coal excavation working face, and layout of the ground extraction engineering of coal seam gas in an area with small ground movement deflection according to calculation results; at the layout steps of the downhole coal seam roof extraction engineering, development heights of a caving zone and a fractured zone are determined according to overburden failure rules, and the downhole coal seam roof extraction engineering of the coal seam gas is laid in the middle lower part of the fractured zone above the caving zone; and at the layout steps of the downhole coal seam floor extraction engineering, a development depth of a floor failure zone is determined according to floor mining facture rules, and the downhole coal seam floor extraction engineering is laid in a complete rock layer zone in the lower part. The layout method of the coal seam gas extraction engineering is advantageous in that extraction effects can be improved, and the ground surface and downhole extraction engineering can be maintained more easily, so that maintenance cost is reduced.