The invention provides a binocular vision-based method for locating and guiding trucks. The method comprises the steps of calibrating industrial cameras, establishing a three-dimensional coordinate system with the central point of two industrial cameras as a world origin of coordinates, calculating the coordinates of the central point of an obtained location marking line in the x-y plane, monitoring whether a truck runs into a field of view on a lane, recognizing the target feature of the truck, making cross lines on a guidance electronic display board, calculating the distance between the central point of the target feature of the truck and the central point of the obtained location marking line in the x-y plane, displaying the distance on the guidance electronic display board, calculating an included angle between the straight line of the cross line that is vertical to the heading direction of the truck and the location marking line, displaying the included angle on the guidance electronic display board, moving the truck by the driver thereof based on the distance and the included angle displayed on the guidance electronic display board, and completing the locating and guiding process of the truck. Based on the above method, the invention also provides a system for locating and guiding trucks. The system comprises a mounting bracket, two industrial cameras, an guidance electronic display board, a location marking line and an industrial control computer.