The invention discloses a multifunctional model test pile which comprises a pile top, a pile body, a tensile retaining ring, a pull ring, miniature earth pressure cells and a pile end. The pile top is provided with a spherical hinge and a wiring connection piece, the spherical hinge and the wiring connection piece are connected with the pile body, a plurality of grooves are reserved in the pile body, the grooves are internally provided with the miniature earth pressure cells, the tensile retaining ring is arranged on the pile body in a sleeving mode and can be fixed, the pull ring is arranged on one side of the tensile retaining ring, the other end of the pile body is internally provided with a vertical force sensor, the force sensor is connected with a pile tip through a force transfer rod, a sponge ring is arranged in a gap between the pile tip and the pile body, and the measurement wires of the miniature earth pressure cells and the force sensor are guided out of circular holes in the wiring connection piece from the interior of the pile body. By means of the model pile, the earth pressure along a pile and the pile end resistance of the pile in a soil bed can be measured, the problem of interference of an original pile soil stress field through a general test and measurement mode is solved, a vertical load test, a horizontal load test and an anti-drawing test of the pile can be simulated, and the multifunctional model test pile has the advantages of being high in accuracy, wide in application range and easy and convenient to operate.