The invention relates to the field of detection devices and particularly relates to a rapid detection device of fluid. The rapid detection device comprises a box body with transparent side walls, a box cover which is matched with an opening of the box body for use, and a protective cover hinged with the box cover, and further comprises a fluid sampling rod, a fluid collection chamber which is used for storing the fluid sampling rod and collecting the fluid on the fluid sampling rod, and a fluid collection groove communicated with the bottom of the fluid collection chamber; a detection strip stretching into the fluid collection groove is arranged on at least one inner wall of the box body. The rapid detection device of the fluid has a simple structure and is convenient to operate; the box body can be rapidly opened and closed, the needed amount of the fluid is less and a sampling process is simplified; the fluid can be conveniently taken out again to be subjected to needed subsequent detection.