A construction machine control system controls a construction machine including a traveling device, a work machine having a working tool, and a swing structure to which the work machine is attached and which is attached to the traveling device to swing with respect to the traveling device. The construction machine control system includes a position detection device that detects a first position which is a position of a partial portion of the construction machine and outputs the first position as first position information; a state detection device that detects and outputs operation information indicating an operation of the construction machine; and a processing device that calculates a second position corresponding to the position of the partial portion using the first position information and the operation information and calculates a position of at least a partial portion of the work machine using second position information.