The invention provides a closed, safe and explosion-proof storing and transporting device capable of filtering toxic gas of a hazardous article. The device comprises a tank body and a tank cover, wherein the sidewall of the tank body is of a two-interlayer structure from outside to inside; a plurality of annular tubes which are overlapped around the circumference of the tank body are arranged in the outer interlayer; a plurality of straight tubes which are arranged along the circumference of the tank body are vertically arranged in the inner interlayer; the tank body and the tank cover are of multi-interlayer structures which are correspondingly arranged at the top and bottom, and ventilating holes are formed in the wall of each interlayer; the bottom interlayer at the bottom part of the tank body and the top interlayer of the tank cover are filled with filtering materials, and straight tubes which are distributed in the same direction are arranged in each of the remaining interlayers; the straight tubes between adjacent interlayers are vertically staggered in the transverse and longitudinal directions. According to the device, the straight tubes and the annular tubes are designed to increase the strength of the tank body; the toxic gas generated by an explosive can flow through gaps of the ventilating holes and the straight tubes, then is filtered through the filtering materials and finally is exhausted to the air. Therefore, the technical problem of filtering the toxic gas generated by the hazardous article while performing the explosion proofing can be solved.