The invention discloses a vertical compression type rubbish transfer station. The vertical compression type rubbish transfer station comprises a pressing head, a rubbish compression tank and an oil cylinder mechanism. Stand columns are symmetrically disposed on the two sides of the rubbish compression tank; the upper end of the oil cylinder mechanism is connected to cross beams at the tops of the stand columns; the lower end of the oil cylinder mechanism is connected with the pressing head; pressing head positioning and guiding blocks are disposed on the pressing head; tank guiding blocks are disposed on the rubbish compression tank; the pressing head positioning and guiding blocks and the tank guiding blocks are attached to the stand columns and vertically slide and guide with the stand columns as guide ways; tank lifting rings are disposed at the top of the rubbish compression tank; a retractable bolt mechanism is disposed on the pressing head, and bolts extend out of the retractable bolt mechanism to be inserted into the tank lifting rings so as to connect the pressing head with the rubbish compression tank. Lifting and compression are achieved respectively through different oil cylinders; the traveling distance of the oil cylinders is short, the acting force is stable, guiding is smooth, and it is guaranteed that the acting force of the pressing head is stably exerted on rubbish lumps; the compression stability is improved; the compression density of the rubbish lumps is increased; the rubbish transportation cost is reduced.