The invention discloses an unreeling traction device in a tipping paper letterpress printing machine. The unreeling traction device comprises a supporting part, a rolling part and a transmission part. The supporting part comprises bases on the two sides of the bottom, and two cylindrical beams A located on the lower middle parts of the two bases. The supporting part further comprises circular beams B arranged on the upper middle parts of the two bases. The rolling part comprises six air cylinders, six connecting plates A, six connecting plates B and six wheels D, and the rolling part is located at the upper ends of the two bases and fixed through supporting plates on the two sides. The transmission part comprises a roller A, a roller B and a roller C which are arranged between the two bases. By means of supporting through the two bases 402 at the bottom, when a paper tape needing to be printed is conveyed, the paper tape is transmitted to the rolling part through the roller A and the roller B, stretching and contracting of the air cylinders 413 of the rolling part are controlled through an operational panel, then the connecting plates A and the connecting plates B are driven to rotate, and a roll shaft is driven by the connecting plates A to rotate finally; and the rolling part rolls the paper tape.