The invention discloses a high-reliability mining elevator hydraulic control system. The system comprises a first motor, a variable pump, a high-pressure pipeline, a low-pressure pipeline, a high-pressure safety valve, a low-pressure safety valve, an oil tank, a first pump-motor, a second pump-motor, a safety check valve set, an energy accumulator set, a pressure sensor, a rotating speed sensor, a second motor, a hydraulic pump, an overflow valve, a one-way valve, a pressure reducing valve, an electromagnetic reversing valve, a brake cylinder, an oil replenishing tank and a control oil source; and further, a variable mechanism of the variable pump comprises a variable cylinder and a servo valve. The system realizes the energy recovery and the stable-speed control of a mining elevator, and effectively improves the energy utilization efficiency and the working performance of the mining elevator.