The present invention provides a method for reducing runoff loss of soil phosphorus in a juicy peach garden and improving the quality of juicy peaches, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural area source pollution control and fruit tree production. Particularly, in a peach production process, an autumn and winter base fertilizer is applied, then soil improvers such as white clover and aluminum sulfate are spread all over the garden, and the effects of reducing the runoff loss of soil phosphorus in the juicy peach garden and improving the quality of the juicy peaches are achieved by combing with the base fertilizer application technology. Using this technology, the phosphorus runoff loss in the juicy peach garden can be significantly reduced to an average concentration of 14.69% to 31.08%, the phosphorus annual runoff amount is significantly reduced by 11.77% to 29.87%, the phosphorus runoff flow rate is significantly reduced by 11.77% to 29.87%, and the phosphorus runoff loss in the juicy peach garden is significantly reduced. Meanwhile, by using this technology, the juicy peach yield and the per fruit weight of the juicy peaches can be improved, the titration acid content of the juicy peaches can be reduced to 5.84%, and the ratio of soluble solid content to titration acid is significantly improved to 7.31%, so that the quality of the juicy peaches is significantly improved.