The invention relates to a hydraulic wooden case opening device. The hydraulic wooden case opening device comprises a square frame formed by a top frame, a bottom frame and two side frames in a surrounding manner, a crossbeam is slidably mounted at the lower part of the square frame vertically, an elastic pressing mechanism capable of downwards pressing the crossbeam on the bottom frame is mounted on the square frame, a hydraulic climbing mechanism capable of lifting up the crossbeam is further mounted on the square frame, a fixed wedge plate which horizontally extends out of the square frame forwards is mounted on the bottom frame, a lifting wedge plate which horizontally extends out of the square frame forwards is mounted at the bottom of the crossbeam, and the fixed wedge plate and the lifting wedge plate are arranged in a staggered mode in the transverse direction. The hydraulic wooden case opening device has the advantages that the device is simple in structure and convenient to operate, labor is saved, and the inside of a case body cannot be damaged.