The invention relates to a distribution method for a lower slice of a close distance coal seam group and a low slice structure. The layout method for the lower slice of the close distance coal seam group comprises the step that two roadways of one working surface are tunneled and limited at the positions, corresponding to the positions under every two adjacent mined-out areas in an upper slice of the close distance coal seam group, of the lower slice respectively. The roadways of one working surface are limited in the lower slice structure of the close distance coal seam group and located at the positions under every two adjacent mined-out areas in the upper slice of the close distance coal seam group respectively. According to the layout method and the lower slice structure, an upper-slice coal pillar arranged between every two adjacent mined-out areas is made to be located over the corresponding working surface, and a lower-slice coal limited by every two roadways in two adjacent working surfaces and the two roadways are located under the same mined-out area. Accordingly, the roadways in the lower slice are flexible in distribution, small in supporting difficulty, easy to maintain and high in mining rate.