The invention discloses a dynamic programming algorithm-based grid theme graph layout method. The dynamic programming algorithm-based grid theme graph layout method is characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) building a single-line graph-based ring network topological relation model according to spatial data of a power system; (2) building a connected graph formed by N vertexes and an N*N adjacent matrix according to the built topological relation model and the number N of sub-graph files; (3) building a function model, and calculating an optimal value according to a dynamic programming algorithm until the sub-graph files are completely traversed; (4) distributing the sub-graph files; and (5) rendering the sub-graph files into a graph. A layout method which is best for a power grid is extended and expanded on the basis of the dynamic programming algorithm; the graph can be quickly and perfectly formed; and the problem of the rendering efficiency of a grid system under a large amount of data is solved.