The invention discloses a steel pipe rust removal device which is used for removing rust from a rusty steel pipe. The steel pipe rust removal device comprises a support, a rust brushing motor arranged on the side face of the support, a rust brushing device I fixed to the support, a rust brushing device II connected to the support through an adjusting plate, and steel pipe conveying devices which are arranged on the front portion and the rear portion of the support respectively. The rust brushing motor is connected with the rust brushing device I through a transmission mechanism I. The rust brushing device I is connected with the rust brushing device II through a transmission mechanism II. By means of the steel pipe rust removal device, rust removal can be conducted on the steel pipe automatically, the rust removal speed is high, the working efficiency is improved, and the working time is shorted.