A vertical cable shaft paying-off device comprises a base. A bearing base is arranged in the center of the base, a vertical shaft capable of rotating is installed in the center of the base through the bearing base and is provided with a round tray, and the tray can rotate around the vertical shaft circumferentially. Rolling wheels are uniformly arranged at the part, close to the outer edge of the tray, of the bottom surface of the tray circumferentially and are located in annular sliding ways arranged at the parts, corresponding to the rolling wheels, of the base. A pedal type braking device is arranged at the part, corresponding to the tray, of the outer edge of the base, and rotation of the tray can be stopped in time through friction between the pedal type braking device and the bottom surface of the outer edge of the tray. The vertical cable shaft paying-off device has the advantages that the structure is simple, use is convenient, cables paid off are effectively prevented from being stiff, problems caused by placing a cable shaft horizontally for paying off can be avoided, the cable shaft is convenient and fast to replace and just needs to be arranged on the vertical shaft in a sleeving mode and to fall on the tray, the time for replacing the cable shaft is greatly saved, the paying off efficiency is high, the stability is high, and the cable shaft is prevented from shaking in the rotation process.