The invention discloses a liquid fuel ignition device and a liquid fuel burner. An ignition chamber (A) is formed in the ignition device; an ignition electrode (1) is arranged in the ignition chamber; the ignition device comprises a fuel spraying-in pipe (2), a flame spraying-out pipe (3) and a condensate drain pipe (4). The fuel spraying-in pipe enters the ignition chamber towards the ignition electrode. The flame spraying-out pipe extends upwards or horizontally from the ignition chamber. The condensate drain pipe extends downwards from the ignition chamber. Air atomized fuel sprayed through the fuel spraying-in pipe is condensed in the ignition chamber and can be discharged outwards through the condensate drain pipe. The flame spraying-out pipe of the liquid fuel ignition device extends towards a main spray nozzle of the liquid fuel burner so as to perform ignition. Liquid fuel is directly ignited by means of the built-in ignition chamber, then the main spray nozzle is ignited, the liquid fuel enters the burner to burn, and therefore gas fuel is not needed for assisting in ignition. If ignition fails, the air atomized fuel accumulated in the ignition chamber can be discharged outwards in time through the condensate drain pipe after being condensed, and treatment is simple and convenient.