A time multiplexing-permitting grating-type three-dimensional display system and method in the technical field of three-dimensional image display. The system comprises a clear aperture array (30), a display screen (10), a grating (20) and a control unit (40), wherein the clear aperture array (30) is disposed on a gating plane; light beams from pixels of the display screen (10) form a plurality of gating areas on the gating plane after being subjected to light-splitting adjustment and control of the grating (20); pixel arrays of different groups are visible in all clear apertures of different gating areas; and the control unit (40) controls time sequence gating of the clear apertures of the gating areas so as to present more viewpoints. Where the display screen (10) of the same resolution is adopted, the time multiplexing-permitting grating-type three-dimensional display system, compared with traditional grating-type three-dimensional display technology, can present more viewpoints based on a persistence of vision effect.