The invention discloses a damping-optimization design method of a panoramic observation mirror equipment structure. The method comprises the following steps: 1) obtaining material parameters and working condition parameters of observation mirror equipment, and analyzing and calculating the maximum relative deviation angle allowed by two end points of an optical axis of an observation mirror; 2) establishing a panoramic observation mirror three-dimensional model by using three-dimensional modeling software, and guiding finite element emulation analysis software to generate a geometric model; 3) establishing an finite element emulation analysis model; 4) reading the stress value and coordinate of a stress maximum value part and the displacement values and coordinates of the two end points of the optical axis of the observation mirror; 5) in allusion to the infinite element analysis model, setting different damping coefficients on boundary conditions of an equipment mounting surface, and repeating the step 4; and 6) repeating the steps 3-5, and when the deviation angle of the optical axis does not exceed an allowable value, taking the damping coefficient when the stress maximum value is nearest to the material yield strength and a body structure model of the observation mirror equipment as the optimum damping design schemes of the panoramic observation mirror equipment.