A direct current traction anti-corrosion power cable for a rail transit of 1,500V or less is disclosed. The power cable comprises a copper conductor, an insulating layer, a water-blocking layer and a sealed metal sleeve from the center to the outer layer in sequence, wherein the copper conductor is wrapped with the insulating layer in an extrusion manner; the insulating layer is wrapped with the water-blocking layer in a winding manner; the sealed metal sleeve is arranged on the water-blocking layer in a sleeving manner; the sealed metal sleeve is provided with an anti-corrosion layer; the anti-corrosion layer is wrapped with a thermoplastic or thermosetting sheath layer in an extrusion manner; the anti-corrosion layer is an epoxy coal asphalt paint layer that is arranged on the sealed metal sleeve in a roller coating manner; the copper conductor comprises five copper cores that are hinged mutually; a galvanizing layer is arranged on the surfaces of the copper cores; the copper cores are wrapped with an armoring layer in a winding manner; the armoring layer is wrapped with a polyester fiber layer with a thickness of 3 mm in an extrusion manner; and the sheath layer is coated with anti-corrosion paint in a roller coating manner. The direct current traction anti-corrosion power cable is simple in structure, corrosion resistant and capable of preventing the cable from being damaged by mice and insects.