The invention discloses a method for producing refined bismuth from antimony-bismuth residues for a copper refining system. According to the method, the antimony-bismuth residues comprising 8%-30% of Bi, 20%-60% of Sb, 0.1%-0.25% of Cu, 5%-15% of Fe, 0.3%-1.5% of As are melted at the low temperature, the generated high-bismuth alloy is refined through the vacuum metallurgy technology, the impurities such as antimony and arsenic are further removed, and bismuth metal is refined. In the whole process, the removal rate of the antimony is not small than 96%, and the recycling rate of the bismuth is not smaller than 97%. By the adoption of the method, the antimony and the bismuth in the antimony-bismuth residues can be separated effectively, the bismuth metal can be directly extracted for refined bismuth production, the separated antimony metal can serve as antimony oxide concentrates for sale, a good solution is provided for open circuit treatment of the impurity elements such as the antimony and the bismuth in copper electrolytes, removal of the impurity elements in copper negative plates and improvement in quality of the copper negative plates, existing production is not affected by the adoption of the method, the technological process is short, the antimony removal rate is high, environment friendliness is achieved, and the metal recycling rate is high.