A method for monitoring and adjusting air volume of an air window of a mine comprises the following steps: mounting a box body in a laneway, and mounting the air window, a pneumatic adjusting mechanism, a flowing guide device, an air speed monitoring mechanism and a signal control system on the box body; connecting the signal control system to the pneumatic adjusting mechanism and the air speed monitoring mechanism; primarily setting the signal control system; creating a function relation between the speed of air in an air flowing channel and the opening-closing area of the air window, and creating a function relation between the pushing shifting distance and the angle of the air window and the pneumatic adjusting mechanism; resetting the air speed instruction value of the signal control system according to the obtained function relation; automatically monitoring and adjusting according to the variation of the air speed. According to the method, the air volume monitoring and adjusting of the air window are integrated, so that the monitored air speed is stable and real; the air volume of the air window can be efficiently adjusted; meanwhile, the manpower can be saved, and the adjusting accuracy is high.