The invention provides a recognition method of supracrustal rock pore filler. The recognition method of the supracrustal rock pore filler includes the steps that full-spectrum-plane analysis is performed on a field of vision, comprising the pore filler, on a surface to be measured of a rock sample to be measured, and an element composition energy spectrum diagram in the field of vision is obtained; energy-spectrum-plane scanning analysis is performed on elements contained in the element composition energy spectrum diagram in the field of vision so that plane distribution characteristic diagrams of all the elements can be obtained; according to the plane distribution characteristic diagrams of all the elements, the mineral species and distribution characteristics of the pore filler of the rock sample to be measured are recognized. By means of the recognition method, the mineral composition and distribution characteristics of the supracrustal rock pore filler can be accurately recognized.