The invention discloses a test apparatus for simulating the soil plugging effect generated in the pile sinking process of an open tube pile, and relates to a soil mechanic pile engineering technology. The apparatus is characterized in that a pedestal, a pressure chamber and a pressure head are sequentially connected from bottom to top to form an external structure in order to realize supporting and lateral confining effects; lower permeable stones, a soil sample, upper permeable stones, a copper plug and a pressure sensor are sequentially connected from bottom to top to form an internal structure in order to realize water seepage, filtration and measurement effects; and the contact position of the copper plug and the pressure chamber is provided with a sealing ring, and the connecting position of the upper portion of the pedestal and the pressure chamber is provided with a sealing ring, so a sealing effect is realized. The apparatus can simulate the soil plugging effect generated in the pile sinking process of the open tube pile, the change rule of the friction resistance with the compression of the soil plug under water draining and non-draining conditions through synchronously acquiring data by using the pressure sensor and a load displacement sensor, and standards are unified, so multi-time industrial copying is realized.