The invention relates to a catalyst for producing 3-acetoxy propionaldehyde, and is used for mainly solving the problems in the prior art that a 3-acetoxy propionaldehyde catalyst has relatively low activity and selectivity. The technical problems are better solved through adopting the technical schemes that the 3-acetoxy propionaldehyde catalyst is provided and adopts SiO2, Al2O3 or a mixture thereof as a carrier, and active components comprise a rhodium metal element, a lanthanide metal element and at least one metal element selected from group VA and group VB; the catalyst can be used in industrial production of 1,3-propylene glycol.