The invention discloses a device and a method for extracting oil-based drilling cuttings by using a solvent method. The device comprises a hopper, a solvent storage tank, a spiral conveyor and a laundry-drier, wherein the hopper comprises a hopper body, the upper end of the hopper body is a feed inlet, the lower end of the hopper body is a discharge outlet, and the hopper body is used for accommodating oil-based drilling cuttings and a solvent; the solvent storage tank is used for storing the solvent, and providing the solvent required by the extraction process by a conveying pipe; the spiral conveyor comprises a feed inlet and a discharge end, and the feed end is interconnected with the bottom of the hopper body; and the laundry-drier is connected with the discharge end of the spiral conveyor, and used for receiving oil-based drilling cuttings outputted by the discharge end and drying the oil-based drilling cuttings. The device disclosed by the invention is low in cost, and simple in treatment process.