The invention discloses a pipeline joint device with an anti-shock deformation compatibility capacity. The joint device is composed of three parts with different pipe diameters, wherein the middle part is a large-pipe-diameter pipeline, and forms a pipeline joint coupling I of the device; the parts at the two ends are small-pipe-diameter pipelines, and form a pipeline joint coupling II and a pipeline joint coupling III of the device; the pipeline joint coupling I is a metal pipe with a pipe diameter which is greater than the pipe diameter of an in-service pipeline, pipe walls at the two ends of the pipeline joint coupling I are provided with two rows of fastening screw hole sections respectively, each section is uniformly provided with four fastening screw holes, and rubber ring sealing stop blocks and anti-shock limit stop blocks are fixed by virtue of fastening screws through the fastening screw holes; and the rubber ring sealing stop blocks and the anti-shock limit stop blocks form clamping grooves for holding sealing rubber rings. The device has an axial and bending adjustment capacity to a certain extent, and can realize self-adjustment of the pipeline under large-deformation response, thus the safe operation capacity of the pipeline is improved.