The invention discloses a method and device for acquiring the network loss rate of a distribution network load node. The method includes the following steps of: acquiring the node network loss rate of a high-voltage transmission network by calculation by means of an average network loss rate coefficient method; acquiring the node network loss rate of a high-voltage distribution network in various periods by calculation by means of a network loss sharing coefficient method; and generating the node network loss rate of a medium-voltage distribution network according to the node network loss rate of the high-voltage transmission network and the node network loss rate of the high-voltage distribution network in various periods. According to the method, the technical effect that after the node network loss rate is acquired, specific medium-voltage line load can be reduced, so that an electric power company can reduce the loss during a power transmission process, can be achieved.