The invention relates to a potamilus alatus palatable bait large-scale cultivation and collection method, and an application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of aquaculture. Fresh aquatic plants are selected, and drained and weighted, the aquatic plants and water are subjected to normal temperature fermentation processing, the accumulated temperature is measured and calculated, dominant species and number of algae are obtained through microscopic examination, after two-times filtration, high speed centrifugation and cold preservation are carries out, then potamilus alatus palatable bait is obtained. The invention provides a potamilus alatus palatable bait large-scale cultivation and collection method which is low in cost and high in concentration, and is simple and practical, and an application thereof, many kinds of algae are cultured, and the algae have comprehensive nutrition, and do not pollute the water environment, the cultivation survival rate and the growth rate of the potamilus alatus can be substantially increased, the industrialization development process of China fresh water purple black pearl culture can be accelerated.