The invention relates to a rotary-type overwater piling guide frame which comprises a positioning pile. The rotary-type overwater piling guide frame is characterized in that a positioning pile upper layer flange plate is fixedly connected to the upper end of the positioning pile; a positioning pile lower layer flange plate is fixedly connected to the lower end of the positioning pile; an upper layer guide frame base and a lower layer guide frame base are fixedly connected to the positioning pile upper layer flange plate and the positioning pile lower layer flange plate respectively; upper layer guide frame base bolt holes and lower layer guide frame base bolt holes are formed in the upper surface of the upper layer guide frame base and the upper surface of the lower layer guide frame base respectively; an upper layer guide frame outward telescoping mechanism and a lower layer guide frame outward telescoping mechanism are fixed to the upper layer guide frame base and the lower layer guide frame base through bolts respectively. The process comprises the steps that 1, the rotary-type overwater piling guide frames are installed in the central positions of pile groups to serve as an operating platform and a measuring platform, and the plane position, the inclination and the elevation of foundation piles can be made to be adjusted through the rotary-type overwater piling guide frames; and 2, pile-sinking construction is conducted on the foundation piles by hoisting pile hammers through full-circle slewing hoisting equipment, the telescopic distance and the rotation angle of the piling guide frames are adjusted, and hence pile group constructing can be conducted. The rotary-type overwater piling guide frame and the process have the beneficial effects that accurate positioning of the foundation piles can be achieved, inclined piles of arbitrary radius and angle are piled, and all pile group foundations are piled through ship lingering at a time.