The invention discloses a main and distribution network automation model splicing error detection method and belongs to the power grid dispatching field. The method comprises the following steps of reading a main network model, a distribution network model and measurement data of a plurality of history measurement sections respectively and splicing the main network model and the distribution network model into a power-grid physical model; converting the power-grid physical model into a mathematical model; carrying out a network topology analysis step and carrying out parameter identification step according to a transformer substation. By using the main and distribution network automation model splicing error detection method, an overall error decrease index and an active measurement balance degree are used to identify a splicing error of the main network model and the distribution network model so that a problem that the model splicing error is difficult to identify is effectively solved.