The invention discloses a machining method for a high-strength synchronous belt driving wheel and the synchronous belt driving wheel. The method includes the steps that a wheel body and a wheel cover are formed through an injection molding method, blocking edges and connecting pillars are formed on the two sides of the wheel body in an injection molding manner, and through holes are reserved in the wheel cover; then an ultrasonic welding machine is used for conducting ultrasonic welding on the wheel body and the wheel cover; and finally, the parts, higher than the wheel cover, of the connecting pillars are partly melted and flattened in a hot pressing manner, and a finished product is obtained. The synchronous belt driving wheel machined through the method comprises the wheel body (1), and the blocking edges (2) and the connecting pillars (3) are arranged on the two sides of the wheel body (1) respectively; and one side of the wheel body (1) is connected with the wheel cover (4) through the connecting pillars (3), and the through holes (5) are formed in the positions, corresponding to the connecting pillars (3), on the wheel cover (4). According to the machining method for the high-strength synchronous belt driving wheel and the synchronous belt driving wheel, the cost and energy consumption can be lowered, machining is convenient, and the advantage of high connecting strength is realized.