The invention discloses seminal plasma piRNA markers or their combination for detecting and/or predicting male reproductive dysfunction and application thereof. The piRNA markers or their combination are 61 in quantity and mainly include piR-31068, piR-31925, piR-43771, piR-43773 and piR-30198; this combination can be used to detect and/or predict asthenospermia and azoospermia. In the invention, seminal plasma is easy to obtain, no other tissues are required, and examinations are noninvasive; seminal plasma piRNA can indicate pathological and biological conditions of a whole spermatogenic stage, accuracy level of detection can be increased using the seminal plasma piRNA as auxiliary detection indexes, the pathological and biological conditions the whole spermatogenic process are indicated on molecular level, and a latent target is provided for the diagnosis and treatment of male reproductive dysfunction.