The invention belongs to the field of needle tar deep processing and particularly relates to a back-flush type filtering kettle for needle tar production. A tar inlet (2) of the filtering kettle is formed in the top of a kettle body (1), a filter residue outlet (5) is formed in the middle of the kettle body (1), a needle tar outlet (11) is formed in the bottom of the kettle body (1), the tar inlet (2) of the filtering kettle extends into the kettle body (1) and is structured into a spray type tar distributor (4), a connection buckle A (7-1) and a connection buckle B (7-2) are arranged at the positions, in the middle, of the inner wall of the kettle body (1) and used for being connected with a flushing cover (6) which can be placed therein through the filter residue outlet (5), a filter screen (9) is arranged below the filter residue outlet (5) inside the kettle body (1), ultrasonic modules (8) are arranged above and below the filter screen (9), and a washing inlet A (10-1) and a washing inlet B (10-2) are formed in the two sides of the needle tar outlet (11). According to the back-flush type filtering kettle, petroleum resources are utilized sufficiently, the problem that the filter screen is difficult to maintain is solved, the service life of the filter screen is prolonged, and the excellent filtering effect is achieved.