The embodiment of the invention provides an unmanned aircraft-based continuous shooting method and an unmanned aircraft. The method comprises the steps of acquiring the flight state information of a second unmanned aircraft during the flight and one or more frames of photographed candidate image data when a first unmanned aircraft receives a replacement instruction; enabling the flight according to the flight state information; when the first unmanned aircraft flies to be within a certain range from the second unmanned aircraft, the first unmanned aircraft photographs one or more frames of feature image data according to the flight state information; judging whether the one or more frames of feature image data are matched with the one or more frames of candidate image data or not; if yes, enabling the continuous shooting operation of the first unmanned aircraft. Two video files, obtained before and after the interruption of the continuous shooting process, can be linked up based on the matched frame candidate image data and the feature image data, so that the fault phenomena is avoided.