The invention discloses an optimized charging method of a lithium-ion power battery. The optimized charging method comprises the following steps: firstly, using various currents to perform constant-current charging experiments on a lithium-ion battery, stopping charging when the terminal voltage reaches the maximal voltage of a single battery, recording the electrical quantity charged in the lithium-ion battery at the moment, selecting the charging current of which the charged electrical quantity is maximum as a charging current value in the first charging stage; secondly, performing constant-current charging on the battery according to the charging current value in the first charging stage; thirdly, continually performing second-charging-stage charging on the lithium-ion battery by the positive and negative pulse combined manner, dividing the second charging stage into two charging sub-stages, charging the lithium-ion battery with positive pulses of which the amplitudes decrease step by step in the two charging sub-stages, and adding a negative pulse between every two adjacent positive pulses. The optimized charging method cannot damage the power battery or influence the service life of the battery while quickly and efficiently charging the power battery.