The invention, which belongs to the technical field of automatic scheduling automation field of the power system, especially relates to a robust state estimation method in a mixed integer quadratic programming mode. The method comprises: a voltage vector a node i is expressed in a right-angle coordinate mode and an injected active power and an injected reactive power of the node i are obtained; three equivalent two-winding transformers are used for expressing a three-winding transformer and all branch circuits in the power system network are expressed by using a unified pi type branch circuit; according to an equivalence circuit graph of the pi type branch circuit, branch circuit active powers and reactive powers from the node i to a node j as well as a voltage amplitude measurement equation of the node i are obtained, and a robust state estimation model in a mixed integer quadratic programming mode is also obtained; an initial value of an MIQCP robust state estimation model is obtained by using a WLS state estimation method; the MIQCP robust state estimation model is resolved and a defective measurement value is found and eliminated; and the corrected measurement value is calculated again by using the WLS state estimation method.