The present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition or food composition comprising, as an active ingredient, Eclalbasaponin, a derivative thereof, or a herbal medicine extract containing Eclalbasaponin. The composition of the present invention effectively improves memory and learning ability in an animal group with memory loss induced by scopolamine, and thus shows a working effect of effectively treating or preventing concentration impairments or cognitive impairments, such as delirium, dementia, or amnesia.