The invention discloses a method for detecting pig viral diseases on the basis of TEM-PCR and a gene chip. The method comprises the steps that according to a target sequence, enriching multiplex-PCR, adopting four pairs of specific nested PCR primers and a probe, and adding a tag sequence which can be recognized by a pair of universal primers respectively on the 5 prime end of each inner primer. According to the method, a lot of defects of a traditional PCR method are overcome, the compatibility, specificity, flexibility and the like are all better than the traditional PCR method; the reaction conditions of Tem-PCR are optimized, and an efficient and accurate, and convenient and quick detection method is established; the background noise of the reaction is reduced, and the fund is greatly saved; an advanced Tem-PCR multiple amplification technology and a gene chip detection technology are combined for the first time, a system through which four etiologies can be detected on one piece of chip at the same time is established, and a foundation is laid for later molecular biology detection of important pathogenic microorganism.