The invention discloses an electrolytic aluminum crust breaking control method. An intelligent control cabinet controls motion of a crust breaking cylinder according to a received electrolyte voltage feedback signal and a exhaust gas pressure feedback signal, the received electrolyte voltage feedback signal is better than the exhaust gas pressure feedback signal in control of the motion of the crust breaking cylinder, and control is carried out according to the electrolyte voltage feedback signal when the electrolyte voltage feedback signal is in a normal range; and control is carried out according to the exhaust gas pressure feedback signal when the electrolyte voltage feedback signal is not in the normal range. The method allows secondary breaking to be carried out when a monitored crust breaking result is abnormal, so the crust breaking success rate is improved, the material jamming rate is reduced, and the patrol intensity is reduced; after a cylinder breaking hammer contacts with an electrolyte surface, the feedback voltage of the electrolyte surface is normal, and the intelligent control cabinet immediately ends the crust breaking motion, so the gas consumption is saved, and energy saving and emission reduction are realized; and the construction cost and the construction difficulty are saved, and integral working is realized.