The invention belongs to a hydrogeology testing device, and particularly relates to an aeration zone and saturated zone percolation experiment device under the control of an intermittent river. A rectangular simulation box comprises a large cavity and a small cavity inside, wherein the back end of the large cavity is connected with the front end of the small cavity through an organic glass water-permeable baffle plate; a front water head overflow box is arranged at the front end of the large cavity; a back water head overflow box is arranged at the back end of the small cavity; a smooth hill-shaped water-containing layer is formed in the large cavity; a surface water body is arranged above the smooth hill-shaped water-containing layer close to the front end of the large cavity; an inverted trapezoidal pollutant accumulation body is arranged in the smooth hill-shaped water-containing layer; three rows of pressure-measuring tubes are vertically arranged on the side wall of the large cavity at equal intervals; a groundwater supplying water body is arranged in the small cavity. According to the device, the evolution rules of river water and groundwater in processes of filling water into the river or stopping filling water into the river are simulated by adjusting a river level and a groundwater level, so that comprehension of a percolation mode, a moisture transport mechanism and a percolation basic rule of a riverside area macro-porous medium in an inland arid region is facilitated.