The invention discloses a household energy management algorithm based on a building thermodynamic model. The algorithm comprises that an indoor and outdoor heat transfer model of a building is established; and thermodynamic modules of main household power utilization loads as an air conditioner, a water heater and a refrigerator are established. Different factors including the heat exchange rate, the sun heat radiation intensity and the material thermal capacity are taken into consideration in the models, change of electricity price of the electrical network in the optimization process is considered to achieve the economically optimal target on the premise that the resident power utilization requirement is met, the power consumption of users in the peak period is transferred to the valley period in the aspect of the electrical network, the utilization rate of power utilization equipment is improved, the pressure of peak load regulation of the electrical network is reduced, and a win-win effect is achieved.