The invention discloses an image morphology filtering method. The method comprises the steps of obtaining image information and morphologic processing information, wherein the image information comprises an original image and an image size of the original image, and the morphologic processing information comprises a filtering operation type and a structure element corresponding to the filtering operation type; according to the image size, the structure element and a memory of an image processor, decomposing the original image to obtain a plurality of sub-images; and performing filtering operation, realized based on the structure element and corresponding to the filtering operation type, on the sub-images in sequence by utilizing the image processor, wherein when processing any sub-image, the image processor performs the filtering operation on all pixel points contained in the sub-image simultaneously by utilizing a plurality of processing units of the image processor. According to the technical scheme disclosed by the invention, compared with the prior art, the image morphology filtering method has the advantages that the processing speed is greatly increased and the processing timeliness is ensured.