The invention provides a real-time processing method for unmanned aerial vehicle image data, and belongs to the technical field of information processing. The real-time processing method for the unmanned aerial vehicle image data comprises the steps of obtaining an image of a ground target by utilizing an airborne camera device; obtaining position data of an unmanned aerial vehicle by utilizing an unmanned airborne positioning system; and processing the image of the ground target, obtained by the unmanned aerial vehicle, and the position data of the unmanned aerial vehicle by a ground station to obtain the position of the target. According to the method provided by the invention, the image obtained by the unmanned aerial vehicle is filtered, so that the definition of the image edge is greatly enhanced and the positioning precision is improved.