The embodiment of the invention provides a transmission line relay protection control service channel route configuration method and device. The specific implementation way of the method comprises the following steps: according to information of an initial node and a terminal node in a received route configuration request, and network topology information, determining a plurality of routes between the initial node and the terminal node by adopting breadth-first search, and obtaining a first route set; determining a risk value corresponding to each route according to a node included in each route in the first route set and a risk value of each conserved node; recognizing routes that the corresponding risk values of the routes are smaller than a preset risk threshold and the born service quantity and the residual bandwidth meet a preset condition from the first route set, and acquiring a second route set; and recognizing routes of a preset first quantity threshold with smaller time delay values in the second route set, and taking the recognized routes as configured routes. By applying the embodiment of the invention, the route configuration of a relay protection service can be optimized.