The present invention relates to the technical field of machinery electrical devices and in particular to a novel rapid dust removing and drying device. A quantitative discharge device is arranged at the left side of the upper end of an irregular conveyor belt, a dust removing bin is arranged in the middle of the irregular conveyor belt, an impurity and dust collector is arranged at the upper end of the dust removing bin, a dust removing blower is arranged at the right side of the dust removing bin, a control box is connected to the right side of the dust removing blower, a fast drying device is arranged at the lower end of the control box, and the fast drying device is arranged at the right side of the irregular conveyor belt; and a transfer tube is connected to the upper end of the impurity and dust collector, the transfer tube is connected to a dust collecting box, and the dust collecting box is arranged at the upper end of the control box. The novel rapid dust removing and drying device is simple in structure and novel in design, combines a delivery device with a ramp structure and the dust removing and drying device, realizes a rapid dust removing and drying, and is convenient and practical.