A regulation and monitoring system for the air volume of air windows on a coal mine comprises a box body, flow guide plates, pneumatic adjustment mechanisms, an air speed monitoring mechanism, the air windows and a signal control system, wherein the box body is mounted in a roadway, and the shape and the area of a cross section of the box body are the same as those of a cross section of the roadway; the two flow guide plates are vertically mounted in the box body, the front ends of the flow guide plates are hinged to two flat plates of the air windows respectively, and the middles and the rear ends of the flow guide plates are hinged with two sides of the box body; the pneumatic adjustment mechanisms are mounted at front ends of the box body and hinged with the air windows, and the pneumatic adjustment mechanisms control the two flat plates of the air windows to be opened and closed; the air speed monitoring mechanism is mounted at the rear half part of the box body. According to the regulation and monitoring system for the air volume of the air windows on the coal mine, monitoring and adjustment of the air volume of the air windows are integrated, the air volume of the air windows is adjusted more efficiently, labor is saved, and the adjustment precision is high.