The invention relates to a mineral water production system and technique. The system comprises an underground water cellar and a cleaning shop, wherein the underground water cellar is positioned below the ground plane, and the cleaning shop is positioned above the ground plane; the underground water cellar is composed of a water cellar upper layer and a water cellar lower layer; the water cellar lower layer is provided with a water well and a reservoir which is composed of a filter tank I, a filter tank II, a precipitation tank and a clean water tank; a health preserving tank is arranged on the periphery of the reservoir; the top of the health preserving tank is provided with a water cellar floor slab; the water cellar upper layer is provided with a worker operating region; the bottom of the water cellar upper layer is provided with a water well port, a reservoir port and a water cellar floor slab; one side wall of the water cellar upper layer is provided with an access door; the outer side of the access door is provided with a staircase, a chemical laboratory and a water pump room; and the cleaning shop is composed of a water heating room, a water cooling room, a filling room, a packaging room, a casual inspection chamber and a finished water product warehouse. The invention also relates to a mineral water production technique. The system and technique have the characteristics of low investment, low operating cost, reasonable design, primitive ecological water cleaning, strong sterilization function and the like.