The invention provides a distributed power supply voltage control method based on a hybrid layered multi-agent system. The method comprises the following steps that: (1) the hybrid layered multi-agent system is constructed; (2) distributed power supply cluster agents obtain voltage maximum and minimum values of each line; (3) a trend model is simplified; and (4) the voltage of a line node is judged, if the voltage of the node is lower than a voltage limit value, boosting is carried out, and if the voltage of the node is higher than the voltage limit value, then voltage reduction is carried out. According to the invention, the task load of a single Agent is reduced, the calculation time is shortened, the algorithm is simplified, the amount of communication data is reduced, and the communication time is shortened; in addition, a communication line is annularly designed, communication lines are added as few as possible, and the reliability of the system is simultaneously improved.