The invention discloses a thermoelectric generation apparatus utilizing solar energy. The apparatus comprises thermoelectric generation heating assembly, a semiconductor thermoelectric generation assembly and a thermoelectric generation heat dissipation assembly, wherein the thermoelectric generation heating assembly comprises a vacuum heat collector, an electric heater and a heat pipe, one end of the heat pipe is connected with a heating loop, one end of the heating loop is connected with a circulation loop, the circulation loop is internally provided with an electric pump, the bottom of the electric heater is provided with a heating pipe, and one end of the heating pipe is immersed into a heat transfer working medium in the circulation loop; the semiconductor thermoelectric generation assembly comprises a semiconductor thermoelectric generation heat end, a semiconductor thermoelectric generation cold end and a thermal insulation device; and the thermoelectric generation heat dissipation assembly comprises a refrigeration water tank, a cold water inlet pipe, a cold water outlet pipe, a radiator and a cyclic water pump. According to the invention, the solar energy is utilized as a heat end heating source, the energy conservation performance is very high, heat can be reliably transmitted to the heat end of the semiconductor thermoelectric generation assembly, and the semiconductor thermoelectric generation assembly can generate stable electric energy.